What is the primary criterion used to classify a Surah as Makki or Madani?

A) The length of the Surah

B) The number of verses (Ayahs) in the Surah

C) The time of its revelation (before or after Hijra)

D) The specific topic or theme discussed in the Surah

Explanation

Surahs are classified as Makki if revealed before the Prophet Muhammad's migration (Hijra) to Madina, and Madani if revealed after the Hijra.